How Was the Process of Conquest of Istanbul?

The conquest of Istanbul, which changed the era, has taken its place in history as one of the most important events in the world. It has been the subject of hadiths and it has been said, “What a great commander is the commander who will take Istanbul”. When you come to Istanbul, you can see the Anatolian Fortress and the magnificent balls that were the subject of the conquest of Istanbul with the Istanbul car rental service.

If you want to travel around Istanbul with your heart, where every civilization has left different cultural and historical monuments, you can use the car rental Istanbul service.

The conquest of Istanbul, which has historical and geographical importance, eventually led to the Ottoman Empire and its young sultan II. It has been given to Mehmet.

The Purpose of Conquering Istanbul

Istanbul is a geographical location at the junction of Asia and Europe. Thanks to the bosphorus, which holds this city, it also holds the Mediterranean and Black Sea maritime traffic. For this reason, Istanbul has been constantly asked to be occupied.

During the reign of our Prophet, Istanbul was experiencing its most powerful and magnificent period. Our prophet said about the city, which dazzles with its wealth and power; “Kostantiniyye will certainly be conquered. The commander who conquered it is a beautiful commander, and the soldier who conquered it is a beautiful soldier,”he said. There was no expedition to Istanbul in the time of our Prophet. But 4 caliphs, and then dozens of expeditions were organized. Of course, this has all ended in failure.

Sariyer or Besiktas ridges can be reached by car rental Istanbul private car. You can enjoy a great view of Istanbul and the Bosphorus.

Why Couldn't Istanbul Be Conquered Until 1453?

It was almost impossible to occupy Istanbul by land and sea. No ships could cross the straits when they were closed. In addition, the steep and impenetrable shape of the coast made it difficult to invade from land. Since Istanbul was the pupil of the Christian world, assistance was not delayed even at the slightest attack.

The Conquest of Istanbul during the Ottoman Period

When the Anadolu Selcuklu State was broken up, various principalities began to be established in Anatolia. One of them was the Ottoman Principality established in and around Sogut. When it was first established, the small and non-speaking principality began to grow and make its impact felt with the right strategy and management.

The Ottomans, acting as they pleased in the Byzantine lands, gradually began to seize the Byzantine lands. Sultan I. Murad's first attempt ended in failure. Yildirim Bayezid made the first strong siege. But having reached an agreement with the Byzantine emperor, he withdrew his army.

As a result of Yildirim Bayezid's agreement with Byzantium, a Turkish quarter, a mosque and a court were established in Istanbul where Turks would be tried. He was instrumental in the enthronement of people who would take care of the interests of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire's control over Byzantium is one of the most important factors affecting the Turks' conquest of Istanbul in the future.

After the Bayezid period, his son Musa Çelebi and II. Mehmet II's father. Murat's attempts at conquest also ended in failure. II. Until Mehmet's siege of Istanbul, there were no more expeditions to Istanbul.

II. Mehmet's Conquest of Istanbul

II. Mehmet was only 21 years old when he conquered Istanbul. When he took the throne, his first job was to conquer Istanbul.

II. Mehmet started by occupying the surrounding forts as a move that would leave Byzantium alone as a priority. It surrounded the city by land, blocking entrances and exits to the city. But since it could not completely cut off the sea route, the Greeks who used this road were making attacks on Turkish villages.

A chain was pulled so that ships could not cross the strait, and the Rumeli Fortress was located on the other side of the strait. II. Mehmet built the Anatolian Fortress on the opposite bank of this fortress. So that no ship could pass through this strait without permission from them. If you want to visit Anadolu Hisarı, which has an important place in history, you can use the car rental Istanbul service. Thanks to the car rental Istanbul, which provides great comfort and convenience, you can watch the Bosphorus from the Anatolian Fortress and relive this history.

II, who was a great war genius and strategist. Mehmet had seen that normal cannons did not affect the walls. He ordered the pouring of more powerful and large cannons that could be effective. It was taken by sixty buffaloes and four hundred soldiers and moved 8 km from Istanbul. he was brought closer.

Having completed all his preparations, II. Mehmet ordered the expedition on March 23, 1453. Friday April 6, the army made its first offensive in front of the walls of Istanbul on April 5. The army made its first offensive on the morning of Friday April 6. Groups of cannons placed in separate areas of the city began to batter the fortifications. The huge cannon deployed on the side of Tueskapı was sending fear to the people of the city with the cannonballs it sent into the city. During your trip to Istanbul, you can travel to the history of Istanbul by visiting Topkapi and Edirnekapi with the car rental Istanbul service.

The Fortifications That Were Beaten With Cannons Are Being Repaired Again

With regular shots, the cannons that pounded the walls were opening breaches in the walls in places. However, the Byzantine people were repairing it before the Ottoman soldiers had time to enter. The walls of Istanbul, with the exception of the Golden Horn side, were in the form of double fortifications. It was very difficult to overcome with balls. The estuary side was also protected by a chain, so it was not affected by its weakness.

On April 12, the Ottoman navy also anchored off the Bosphorus, cutting off aid from the sea route. II. Mehmet traditionally asked the emperor to surrender the city without bloodshed. But when he received a negative response, he continued the siege.

On April 18, the first military offensive was held. The soldiers wanted to pass through the walls opened by the Bayrampasa stream. But the first attack ended in failure, when boiling tar (Grejuva) was poured over the soldiers from the walls.

The Ottoman Navy Is Suffering Its First Defeat

The Pope is sending 3 Genoese ships to Byzantium for assistance. A Byzantine ship loaded with drinks and food also joins these ships on the way. They came to Istanbul with the help of the wind. The Ottoman Navy welcomed these ships off the western coast of Yeşilköy. The Genoese repulsed the Ottoman Fleet with the help of the fact that their ship was large, high, and the wind also helped. As a result, auxiliary ships entered the port of Istanbul by lowering the chains.

Ships Are Being Lowered into the Golden Horn

The reason for the chain being pulled to the side of the estuary was that the fortifications were unstable. Who is aware of this, II. Mehmet had set his mind on landing a ship in the Golden Horn. The area where the ships will be passed has been identified. Accordingly, the ships would start from the coast in front of Tophane and go down to Boğazkesen, then turn to the south-west and cross the ridges to the side of Löbon Pastry Shop and cross the hill and go down to Kasımpaşa from the side of Perapalas.

After the determination of the route, road leveling was started. Logs were set up for the ships to slip. Olive oil, plain oil and lard were taken from the Genoese and the logs were well oiled.

Under the auspices of several cannons, archers and archetypes, 72 ships were shifted from the front of the Cannon House on the night of April 21-22 and lowered into Kasimpasa, that is, the Golden Horn.

If you want to relive the conquest of Istanbul, you can use the car rental Istanbul service. You can visit Tophane, Perapalas and Golden Horn with your rented private car.

The Byzantine People Are Afraid When They See the Ships

Waking up on the morning of April 22, the Byzantines are greatly frightened when they see the Ottoman ships in the Golden Horn. A panic mood is beginning to blow over the city.

Ottoman soldiers are building a wooden bridge between Has Decoy and Ayvansaray. The fortifications on the side of the estuary from the bridge and ships are beginning to be beaten. The enemy navy in the Golden Horn is also being beaten with cannons placed on the hill of Aios Teodoros in Galata. The largest ship of Byzantium is being sunk. The Byzantine emperor also sinks two of the Turkish ships with two cannons that he has placed on the Golden Horn wall.

Galata Tower and bridge attract the attention of all visitors nowadays. When you arrive in Istanbul, you can re-experience how ships are loaded from Galata by renting a car in Istanbul.

Istanbul Is Being Conquered with the Latest Offensive

Two offensive attempts are being made with intense ball shooting that began on the night of May 28. On the morning of May 29, they concentrated on the breach between the Topkap Dec and Edirnekapi walls in general. The Byzantine Emperor was also on this line. II. Under the leadership of Mehmet, the janissaries managed to Decamp to the fortifications, among them Ulubatli Hasan. The janissaries, who entered the city from here, seized the walls.

If you want to see what's left of the Topkapi walls, you can do it by choosing Istanbul car rental.

Fatih's Entrance to Istanbul

II, who conquered Istanbul at a young age and received the nickname Fatih. Mehmet was admitted to the city by Topkapi. His first job was to pray at Hagia Sophia. If you want to visit Hagia Sophia, which is used as a museum today, you can use the car rental Istanbul service.